The concept of wiring harness diagram
A wiring harness diagram is an engineering drawing that describes the structure, specifications, dimensions, assembly process, and connection methods of a wiring harness in the form of a diagram. It is also a technical drawing that shows the overall layout and connection relationship of the wiring harness. The wiring harness diagram is the main basis for the production of wiring harnesses, and the subsequent assembly and repair processes cannot do without it. Therefore, the wiring harness drawing must be accurate and reliable. Wiring harness diagrams are usually designed by design engineers or manufacturers to facilitate the manufacturing of wiring harness products.
Structure of the wiring harness diagram
The wiring harness diagram mainly includes information such as connectors, wires, specifications, terminals, and wrapping auxiliary materials. Among them, there are some core components, namely: wires, insulating materials, connectors, and fasteners.
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Components |
Explanation |
Application |
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Wire |
Wire number: The number of the wire in the wiring harness diagram Line color: single-color line, two-color line Wire diameter: Different wire diameters correspond to different current load degrees |
The wire diameters commonly used in automobiles are 0.22mm ² and 0.35mm ² |
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Insulating material |
PVC pipes, PTFE pipes, heat shrink tubes, etc |
Spacecraft thermal shielding system |
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Connector |
It is called a plug-in terminal and is composed of a plug and a socket |
Automobiles, household appliances, instruments and meters, office equipment, electronic control boards, commercial machines, electronic product leads |
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Fastener |
Cable ties, clips and bracket guard plates, etc |
Automobile wiring harness fixation protection |
Standards and norms for drawing wiring harness diagram
The following are the wiring harness diagrams drawn and the wiring harness products produced by ECOcables in the process of providing customized wiring harness services for users based on their requirements. We can understand the contents included in a complete wire harness schematic and summarize the norms and standards that need to be mastered in the drawing of the wiring harness diagram from it.
In the wiring harness diagram, it is necessary to draw the sectional view information of wires, connectors, fasteners, etc. The dimensions in the wiring harness drawing are marked at the top position of the wiring harness. Generally, the length is in millimeters. If the dimensions are too long, other units can be selected, which will make the viewing of the wiring harness diagram more concise.
Usually, in a wiring harness drawing, a bill of materials is listed, showing the name, specification, quantity, etc. of the product. Generally, it includes the words and color of the label, the color and material of the casing, the color of the cable tie, the model of the terminal, the model of the housing, the model and color of the cable, etc.
The contents marked in the wiring harness diagram include: the distance between connectors and cable ties in the wiring harness, the color of the wires, the position of the labels, and other information.
After the wiring harness diagram is modified, it is necessary to organize the modified version, content and time in the modification box. This makes it easier to intuitively see when which part was modified and what the latest version looks like now.
When dissecting parts in a wiring harness diagram, the mechanical drawing method is mainly adopted, which can be directly observed in the diagram.
The parts wrapped with cable ties in the wiring harness diagram should be blackened, represented by letters, and the colors should be marked.
Practical application cases of wiring harness diagram
The Application of Wiring Harness Diagrams in the Lightweight Design of Automotive Wiring Harnesses:
In the automotive field, the wiring harness diagram is the neural network of the car, and the automotive wiring diagram forms the main body of the automotive circuit. With the continuous development of automotive technology, automotive electronicization will become the mainstream trend, and the wiring harness is the channel for transmitting signals and electricity, with a complex structure. At present, with the improvement of automotive lightweighting technology, automotive wiring harnesses are also facing the challenge of lightweighting. In the process of achieving lightweight design of automotive wiring harnesses, wiring harness diagrams are indispensable. The display of automotive electrical wire harness design in the wiring harness drawing includes the following aspects.
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In terms of direction and layout
In the following wiring diagram example, there are two circuit routing arrangements. A is the power supply, connected to appliances B and C, forming the main appliances. Both of these methods can achieve connection, but by being displayed on the wiring harness diagram, it can be intuitively seen that the first loop method is much shorter than the second one.
When the wiring harness diagram design circuit display is applied in real life, in the following picture comparison, the left side is the chassis wiring harness of a truck, and the right side is the chassis wiring harness optimized based on the wiring harness diagram. It can be seen that by modifying the design of the wiring harness circuit direction, the lightweight of the wiring harness can be achieved, and the weight reduction effect of the wiring harness can be reached.
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Regarding the layout of grounding points and power supply points
Wiring harness circuits are divided into three types: power lines, signal lines and ground lines. In the wiring harness diagram, the reasonable arrangement of grounding points and power supply points can shorten the length of power lines and ground lines in the wiring harness and reduce its weight.
In the figure, this is the layout diagram of the grounding points and power supply points of a truck, including the main power supply, electrical boxes 1 and 2, electrical boxes 1, 2, and 3, and the grounding points. Electrical boxes 1 and 2 can take power. If electrical box 1 is used as the power supply and grounding design, electrical box 2 serves as the power supply point, and power supply is allocated nearby to grounding point 1. This shortens the ground wire and power line in electrical box 1. Achieve lightweight wiring harnesses.
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Summary
In our work and life, the application of wiring harness diagrams is more extensive than we might imagine. When working in the office, lighting fixtures are needed, which involves the wiring diagram for light switch. When construction workers need to move goods to another place, it involves the trailer harness wiring diagram. In our daily travel, when driving a car out, it involves the wiring diagram of the car. Without the wiring harness, there would be no complete car circuit system.
After understanding the wiring harness diagram, we believe you have grasped its application and significance. It is the backbone of the electrical systems in many enterprises and also influences our daily lives. With the continuous improvement and development of the wiring harness drawing, more design methods for wiring harness diagrams will emerge in the future.
In our customized wiring harness service, we also assist users in designing wiring harness drawings. Besides, we have other wiring harness products:
Frequently Asked Questions
How to draw a wiring harness drawing?
1.Preparations before drawing.
Collect information. Confirm the purpose, path, function, connection points and environmental adaptation requirements of the wiring harness.
List the bill of materials (BOM). This includes the model and color of the wires, the model of the terminals, the model of the connectors and casings, the color of the cable ties, the model of the housings, as well as the quantity information required for these materials.
Plan the overall structure. Conceive the overall shape, branch points, binding points, etc. of the wiring harness, and consider how to plan the position to minimize material waste without affecting the bending degree of the wiring harness.
2.Establish the wiring harness diagram.
First, draw the main trunk outline and the branch outline of the wiring harness with solid lines. Secondly, display the branch points based on the branch outline and mark the order of the branches with ICONS.
3.Marking requirements.
Mark the dimensions of the wiring harness: the length of the main trunk, the length of the branches, and the length of the bending radius of the wiring harness.
Marking components: It is necessary to mark wires, terminals, casings, connectors, labels, cable ties, etc. with ICONS.
Mark the connection position: It is necessary to clearly mark where the connection points at both ends of the wire are.
Marking the manufacturing process: for instance, the requirements of the manufacturing process, whether it has been tested and inspected, and whether the materials meet the standards, etc.
Which wiring harness drawing software is free?
1.EPLAN Harness proD Trial version
The free usage period is 30 days. The main functions include automatic generation of bill of materials, design inspection, automatic generation of 2D diagrams, automatic wiring of 3D harnesses, and one-click batch drawing of cable diagrams, etc. It is suitable for use in the design of more complex wiring harnesses such as industrial equipment.
2.Free Version of AutoCAD Electrical
The main functions include automatically generating reports, drawing electrical schematic diagrams, 3D wiring, etc. It can provide a vast library of electrical symbols and is suitable for designing small and medium-sized electrical projects.
3.SolidWorks Electrical free version
It features electrical design functions, an electrical symbol library, 3D simulation wiring functions, etc., making it suitable for engineers to use in the design of mechatronics.